COMMON ILLNESSES
Many conditions get better on their own and can be treated successfully at home. Your Pharmacist may be able to help you with these and advise about medicines you can buy over the counter.
COLDS AND FLU
These usually start with a runny nose, cough, temperature and aching joints. They are caused by viruses and antibiotics are of no use in treating them. Treatment consists of taking recommended doses of paracetamol for the temperature and aching joints and drinking plenty of fluids.
DIARRHOEA AND VOMITING
In adults and older children, diarrhoea and vomiting will usually get better on its own. Treatment consists of replacing fluids that you have lost and resting the digestive system by having nothing solid to eat for 24 hours. Sachets of powder such as Dioralyte and Rehidrat which can be made into a drink are available from pharmacists. If the diarrhoea contains blood or there is severe pain or high fever, you should discuss it with your Doctor. Diarrhoea and Vomiting in small babies and young children should be treated with caution and the Doctor will be happy to advise you about this over the telephone and arrange to see you if necessary.
BACKACHE, STRAINS AND SPRAINS
Many acute strains, sprains and backaches will respond to a few days rest with paracetamol taken for the pain. If the symptoms persist, contact the Doctor.
HEADLICE
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INSECT BITES AND STINGS
Most of these need no treatment. Antihistamine tablets can be obtained from the chemist without prescription and will relieve most symptoms.
NOSEBLEEDS
Sit in a chair (leaning forward with your mouth open) and pinch your nose just below the bone and apply ice, if available, for about ten minutes by which time the bleeding usually stops. If the bleeding continues, consult your Doctor.
SPRAINS
First apply a cold compress containing ice for 15-30 minutes (a bag of frozen peas will do) to reduce swelling. Apply a firm bandage and give the sprain plenty of rest until the discomfort has subsided.
BURNS AND SCALDS
Taking the heat away from the skin as soon as possible is the most important factor. Apply large quantities of cold water immediately for up to 15 minutes if necessary. If the skin is unbroken but blistered apply a loose dressing after cooling, If the skin is broken or if the area of the burn is larger than 4-5 inches in diameter, further advice should be sought.